RetroChallenge Epilogue and Apparent Success

After Review of my plan and schematics, I noticed a small error in the Eagle schematic I posted earlier.

1. Pin 11 of the socket must be connected high (or to pin 12, or to a soft switch to enable video scanning on row E of RAM).
2. Pin 11 of IC F2 must be disconnected and that line (not the IC pin) must be connected to ground instead (See my hand-drawn schematic).

I figured out problem 1 first. But when I booted I received half of a startup beep repeatedly, like it was stuck. It took a while until I realized I forgot Problem 2 since it was only on my older schematic. I used an IC socket and connected pin 11 and 12 and raised the IC leg. This is important as it decodes whether the Apple II is in RAM or I/O mode. The computer was stuck with no access to I/O or ROM (or simultaneous access to RAM and I/O or ROM).

F2 IC with pin 11 sticking out in a socket with pin 11, 12 connected

It boots!

It seems to have worked! The computer shows the APPLE ][ greeting just as expected. I need to connect a keyboard and a disk controller card to test it all out and verify that all 48K is being accessed.

So, I now have an Apple II with 48K of 4164 DRAM in just one bank of RAM. Now for 64K. Or 128K...

2 banks of RAM installed for future 128K modifications

Final Push and Failure

I ran jumpers wires on the back of the Apple II+ logic board to route the various signals I needed (PHI_0, AX, A14&A15) to the J1 socket area. Fortunately since only half of J1 is used by the Apple II+, I can use the unused pins of that socket to route my signals through to the new circuit I am adding.

Here is my circuit diagram:

and the adapter board:

Warning - I don't know if this works yet.

After I ran the wires, I started trying to solder a tiny adapter board to translate the 74LS257 signal locations to the new 74LS153 IC. That was taking too much time for something that might not work at all, so I put the circuit on a bread board. Here it is:

Unfortunately, this did not work. I suspect that the dip jumper cable may be too long and adding some capacitance or delay. Or, the RAM timing may have been thrown off by the internal logic of the new IC. My Apple II+ is not booting and is in a similar state to when the RAM was in the wrong row. I'm sure I would have figured this out, but Halloween took priority.

Better news is that my Apple IIb is in a pretty final state. I think I will start buying supplies to actually build it.

Until next time, RetroChallenge!

Apple II+ 64K RAM Refresh and Addressing

I managed to add my modifications back to the Apple II logic board to get the 4164 RAM enabled. It seems to be working! However, I want to address all 64K of the RAM, not just 16K. To do that, I need to refresh the extra RAM rows, multiplex the RAM row and column address for the new RAM address pin, and make sure that row C of RAM stays enabled instead of selecting row C, D, or E. See the detailed plan of attack by clicking below.

Troubleshooting Frustrations

I spent a number of hours last night and tonight trying to figure out why my modified Apple II+ was not beeping, and instead showing a screen full of question marks (or sometimes a white screen) on start-up, even after I added a row of 4264 DRAM. I swapped all of the ICs back and forth with my functioning Apple II+ and still had the same problem. At that point, I realized that I should have done some basic testing before I modified the logic board. I removed my modifications, and still had the same problem.

I found out that I could get very similar symptoms on my working Apple II+ if I removed the F2 74LS139 decoder, which selects which RAM bank to use. So I started checking continuity on my non-working board. I discovered that here wasn't continuity between the low bank selection line and the row that I had my RAM in. I thought I had found a major fault in the board. Then it hit me. The apple II+ rows are labeled A through K, and start with A on the bottom ROW. I had put my RAM in row E (the high address bank), instead of row C (the low address bank). I moved the RAM chips and after swapping out a bad chip, BEEP, and APPLE ][ at the top of the screen.

I felt so dumb. Hours wasted. So now I'm re-doing my modifications. Still time for some progress tonight. At least it's working. That logic board has't been fully functional in probably 30 years.

Apple II+ RAM Replacement - Power

Replacing the RAM in my Apple II+ has become a bit of a project in and of itself. Sure I could just buy some 4116 (16K bit) DRAM, but that's not very exciting, and its not an upgrade. So, Instead, I have been figuring out how I can use 4264 (64K bit) DRAM in its place. There are a lot of considerations that need to be made including power, refresh circuit, and addressing the new RAM. The descriptions below are for an RFI Revision 01 board, and may be different for other revisions. Click below to see the details of re-routing the RAM power lines and my preliminary results.

Apple II+ Logic Board Repairs

Here are the two Apple II+ logic boards that I have for repair. They were mostly stripped of integrated circuit chips, and even have some ports and connectors that were de-soldered to repair other boards (back in the 1980's).

I chose to repair the board on the left due to the missing D6 RAM socket on the other board and a possible damaged trace under the F8 ROM.

I swapped the power connector and added a missing audio jack. These are still available on eBay as "panel mount mono jack":

A word of caution. I have found that the solder on these old boards has the potential to make you feel sick and hung-over. Drink some milk before you solder and work in a very well-ventilated area.

I was able to replace most of the missing IC on the board from the box of spares I had, and from the other board. I have no idea if they work, so that will probably require a lot of troubleshooting.

The only IC I could not replace from old pulls was the one labeled "9334" in the J14 position. Fortunately, this IC can be replaced by a 74LS259, which I had on hand from my early experiments with my SPI based Disk II emulator.

Finally, I did not want to have to troubleshoot with old, possibly bad RAM, so I have some 64K 4264 DRAM chips on hand to see if I can replace the original 16K 4116 chips. This will require some modifications to the logic board (due to the different power requirements and slightly different pinouts), which I hope I can complete before the end of RetroChallenge.

Apple IIb Model

Added power supply and logic board texture. Color change to be Apple II+ olive-beige rather than Lisa tan-beige.

Feet and Boots!

The parts donor Apple II+ I am trying to repair is really a mess. Even the rubber feet were harvested for another computer. Fortunately, I found some decent rubber feet on eBay. I bought two packs of 12 20mmx20mmx8mm and it is a great replacement part for Disk II and Apple II feet.

Regarding my other project, I was pretty scared to connect the repaired IIGS Upgrade board to a power supply, half expecting everything to start smoking. It boots! First time in about 15 years:

Composite video works

and RGB works!

Apple ][b Refinements

Coming along nicely. I used a more period appropriate keyboard layout, and I think it improved the over-all aesthetics. That's the kind of keyboard I would be using anyway. I am thinking, I might make this an Apple ][b -> IIGS upgrade, since the IIGS logic board is looking so good. I could also use the internals of an AppleColor RGB monitor that I have for the IIGS.

Apple IIGS Repairs

Here are the fruits of my labor for the past two weeks. I had already attempted to repair this Apple IIGS Upgrade board, after a battery explosion did a lot of damage to the board and chassis. However, I wasn't really satisfied with how it was working out. I purchased some copper tape, and I am impressed at the way it worked to replace the traces. Much flatter and smoother, like it should be. A couple of resistors replaced and I tinned it all. Then, a lot of continuity testing. I bought some UV cure solder mask and after some time in the sunshine and under a UV light, it looks pretty good. Not perfect, but considering the terrible damage inflicted on this board, I am impressed!

Trace repairs and new SMT resistors in R193 and R14 locations.

Trace repairs and new battery holder.

Copper Tape, UV cure Solder Mask, and a weird spatula thing.

The Hakko soldering iron definitely made this possible. I am afraid to hook up the power supply though...

Some Progress, Some Distraction

I spent some time last week working on a Google Sketchup rendition of my hypothetical Apple IIb. The idea is to solve some of the problems with the Apple II+ as a incremental update. It is clear from the Apple II+ design that some of these fixes were deliberately removed from the design late in the process, possibly to keep cost down and possibly because the Apple III was on the horizon. For instance, the odd keyboard decoder arrangement and missing switch clearly contemplated lowercase and a keypad, but the final design did not include either. Here are my specs:

• 80 columns. This is difficult without a full terminal card, which was how most Apple II+s were upgraded.
• Upper/lower case keyboard. Shouldn't be too hard, other than a new character ROM.
• Separate keyboard with numeric keypad. This didn't catch on until after the Apple III, but it should be a relatively easy addition.
• Integrated disk drives.
• Integrated monitor. I'm indifferent here. Although I really think the Tandy TRS-80 Model III and Apple Lisa are some of the best looking retro computers.
• Two serial ports, and a parallel port. This just requires a few expansion cards.

So, mostly a standardized, well equipped, Apple II+ with a few conveniences we have come to expect. Here is my first rendering with elements borrowed from Lisa I and Apple IIe Google Sketchups:

So, that's the progress. The distraction is work on my Apple IIGS Upgrade. Rather than take on another project (Apple II+ logic board), I decided to dive head first into fixing the IIGS. After replacing some of my previous repairs with copper tape, and a lot of soldering, it looks pretty good. The solder mask is curing under UV light, so I will have pictures tomorrow.

RetroChallenge 2016/10 Entry

RetroChallenge 2016/10 snuck up on me due to the new start month. For my entry I would like to focus on the Apple II+.

• First, I want to try to revive an old parts donor Apple II+ which is missing a lot of pieces and ICs.
• Next, I would like to start work on designing the Apple ][b, a computer that could have been released by Apple circa 1979. The b is for business! An incremental release of the Apple II+.

Apple IIe RAM diagnosis

I have an old, un-enhanced Apple IIe that that would give me errors while trying to load disks, like: UNABLE TO LOAD PRODOS or NO BUFFERS AVAILABLE . Now that I know a lot more about the Apple IIe (and electronics in general) than when I put it in mothballs, I tried my hand at fixing the problem again.

I recently learned that by holding down the closed (filled) apple, while turning on the un-enhanced Apple IIe, it will do a self diagnosis. Here were the results:
RAM: F13 F12 F11 F10 F9 F8 F7 F6
This indicates that every built-in RAM chip was bad (or that the unenhanced Apple IIe can not distinguish which chip is bad). I didn't quite believe this could be true, so I tried replacing some of the ICs around the RAM... to no effect. So, I splurged on an ebay auction for a set of "MICRON MT4264-10 64K 100NS DRAM". I replaced all of the RAM chips, and my un-enhanced Apple IIe sprang to life for the first time in 25 years! As it turned out, only 2 of the RAM chips were bad, but they both failed in a way that would cause the self-diagnosis to report that all of the RAM was bad. Anyway, based on my machine having 2 chips that failed in the same way, I think it must be a relatively common problem.

Now all this thing needs is a "V" key and a replacement key switch. I think the V key is around here somewhere...

Apple II Development

I am pretty amazed at the current rate of development of new Apple ][ conveniences and devices. It is worthwhile to look up from a project to see what others are doing every once in a while.

VGA adapters for the Apple IIc and IIGS seem to be hot right now.

The Nishida Radio Disk II adapters are gaining more and more features, including a nice looking web interface!

Big Mess O' Wires had added Apple II support to the Floppy Emu Disk Emulator.

It's impressive to have a microcontroller with more power than the Apple II strapped on the back of it. Although it does feel like cheating sometimes...

I merely managed to find a switch that perfectly fits the Apple II keyboard encoder for enabling lowercase once the character ROM is updated. It is labeled "ONLEDA MTS-202" and is a knock-off of some old high-quality switch, I'm sure. Good ebay search terms : Right DPDT toggle switch. Just take note of how the pins are oriented to make sure you get the right ones. I'm putting mine away for a rainy day.

A new style of Apple II prototyping card popped up on ebay too. Had to buy one.

USR-WIFI232 and ADTPro Continued...

I really wanted the standard ADTPro Ethernet connection to work properly so that I don't have to start the ADTPro Server from the command line. Unfortunately, that connection type adds a byte to the start of the ADT packet indicating the packet number. That seems appropriate for the UDP protocol that is used, but that one byte confuses the Apple II client enough that it immediately reports an error. Commenting-out the code that adds the packet number byte allowed me to get everything working, at the expense of out-of-order packets not getting re-ordered. Not a great solution, but it is more convenient now. Really, ADTPro Server just needs a decent interface for its SerialIP mode.

Full details on the ADTPro Support Forum (Archived on the Wayback Machine).

I really like this USR-WIFI232 compared to an Apple II ethernet card. It is compatible with anything that uses the Apple SSC card, has a nice web interface for configuring it, and includes WiFi, at a little over 1/2 the price. Unfortunately, the user guide can be a bit hard to decipher.

USR-WIFI232 and ADTPro

Based on my testing, the USR-WIFI232 appears to work fairly well with ADTPro giving yet another option for disk transfers. However, you have to set ADTPro to use Virtual Serial over IP (localhost mode). Open the ADTPro.properties file that gets created (using a text editor, such as TextEdit) and enter the IP address and Port number of your USR-232-WIFI. Quit ADTPro, run it again, and it will connect! I set my USR-WIFI232 device to use the following UART setting from the web interface: 9600,8,None,1,Enable,Disable,Disable, and set complimentary settings on the Super Serial Card (<ctrl-a>14B). ADTPro seems to like 8 data bits, which prevents you from using the USR-WIFI232 AT commands.

I used the ADT Serial Pacing setting of "Pacing: 1000" to get a reliable connection for bootstrapping. I don't think the speed settings are tested with a TCP connection to a real Apple //e.

Once the bootstrapping is successful and ADTPro is running, it was necessary to change the UART settings of the USR-WIFI232 via the web interface to: 19200,8,None,1,Enable,Disable,Disable, as ADTPro only runs at higher speeds.

Uart Setting
Baudrate	19200
Data Bits	8
Parity	None
Stop	1
CTSRTS	Enable
485 mode	Disable
Baudrate adaptive (RFC2117)	Disable

Set the CONFI(G) in ADTPro to 19200 Baud Rate as well. After that was completed, I was able to transfer directory data, and a disk with ADTPro on it!

If the bootstrapped ADTPro gives an error INSERT SYSTEM DISK AND RESTART -ERR -1 when you restart your USR-WIFI232 (due to the hardware handshake, I think), just hit <ctrl>-<reset>, then type 800G<enter> to restart ADTPro.

Final RC2016/01 Thoughts

After some testing, I figured out that the reason I have to run everything at 300 baud has more to do with the screen redraw and processing speed of the Apple //e than the serial card. It's interesting that the Apple SSC manual derisively mentions that "Some printers are slow and do not provide a printer busy, or handshake signal to the Apple II." It provides a setting to delay after a Carriage Return for the printer to move back across the page. This is very similar to what is happening to the Apple //e which loses the first few characters after a line feedscreen scroll. I am sure there is an address on the SSC that can temporarily lower CTS to tell the remote system to wait until the redraw is complete. Anyway, there is plenty of work for a future RetroChallenge. BTW, the server is back up and running again, as it was down for testing most of the day. If you can't access it try later, as I am probably using the Apple //e for something else!

In the mean time, I have a slow server and a new way to communicate with the Apple //e. I also have a nice color monitor, and I have a little more insight into Steve Jobs. Finally, I have a few more project ideas (KIM-//e, more Apple on the web stuff) for future retro challenges. RC2016/01 complete!

Truly Wireless Now

In a quest to make my Apple //e truly wireless, I did some soldering this morning to create a cable to go directly from the Apple Super Serial Card to the USR-WIFI232. This allowed me to get rid of the bulky DB-25->DB-9 adapter, and a short DB-9 cable to go from the adapter to the USR-WIFI232 (see photos).  Then, I used double-stick tape to mount the USR-WIFI232 on top of the Apple //e power supply. The Apple //e already has a pop-out that fits the antenna and power supply cord fairly well. The result is an internal WIFI adapter! I suppose I could get the power for the adapter from the Apple power supply, but I'd rather not run the risk.

I really like this set-up as connecting to the Apple over serial cables always meant finding the right cables and adapters, or a null modem. They would inevitably get unplugged for another project or to move the computer.

There is a lot of potential for this configuration for transferring disk images with ADTPro. I have to use 300 baud for the Apple BASIC interpreter to keep up, but it looks like higher baud rates will work in the terminal mode of the SSC, or with a compiled program. Come to think of it, you could even have a web page on the Apple //e that accepted disk image uploads.

This is a simple, and inexpensive ($40 on ebay) alternative to some of the other Apple Ethernet products out there. Some people have done similar things with a Raspberry Pi, but, again, this is pretty much plug and play and includes WIFI.

Having made two web servers out of old Apples, I am finding that it would be a lot more interesting to make a web browser. That will probably be a future project.

Apple //e Webserver Running!

I have my Apple //e BASIC web server running!... sort of. Try it out. Be gentle and patient, it's only 300 BAUD!: http://162.232.186.125:8899

Code after the break.. Update: minor change in code to allow OPTIONS method

Minor DOS Disaster

Last night, I was putting the final touches on my Applesoft BASIC HTTP parser to act as a webserver when I had a pretty big set-back. I was getting pretty good working in DOS 3.3 and saving my BASIC programs regularly. I previously saved a small BASIC program to initialize the settings on the Apple SSC to communicate with the USR-WIF232. That way, I could just run the program and all of the settings would be restored after a <ctrl>-<reset>. Unfortunately, I named it INITSSC. The DOS command to initialize a disk is INIT. (I'm sure you can see where this is going.) Anyway, instead of typing RUN INITSSC I mistakenly just typed INITSSC (following the UNIX convention), and as I was keying back to correct my mistake, I accidentally hit the <Enter> key. WHAMO! Disk grinding and spinning, no response from the keyboard... It took me a few minutes to figure out what had just happened. My disk was initialized with no DOS on it. So I lost my programs, and I can't even run DOS, and that was the only floppy I have available.

The good news is that I was experimenting with dumping out the BASIC listing of my web server program as part of my webpage. So, I have all but a few lines in my terminal program's buffer. I just have to copy and paste it back to the Apple IIe and work around not having a usable disk.

More WIFI Details...

So, this USR-WIFI232 runs a TCP/IP server on port 8899. That allows me to telnet to the IP address and just start typing as if I were at the computer: ]LIST LIST 10 PRINT "hello" 20 PRINT "writing this from the internet" ]RUN RUN hello writing this from the internet ]

I just need to figure out how to open up my router to let the world in! ... And write a web server in BASIC...

WIFI enabled!

I took the day off from work, so I had a chance to get some real RetroChallenge work done!

It took a while to figure out that the USR-WIFI232 needs a null modem adapter to connect to a normal computer (but not to the Apple IIe in Terminal mode). I did not see that documented anywhere. Once I figured that out, I played around with the converter on my MacBook and my good ol' Macintosh G3. Some well-hidden tips:

1. Use a null modem to connect
2. type +++ to set the terminal mode. the module will respond with a
3. type a and the module responds with +ok
4. type AT+H for a list of commands.

I have struggled for a while to get my Apple IIe to connect to anything but my Macintosh G3, running ZTerm. This problem was apparent when I was unable to communicate between my Apple IIe and the USR-WIFI232 device. Oddly, I noticed that anything I typed was being echoed by the USR-WIFI232, but it would not respond to the Apple IIe. In fact, I was able to connect my Apple IIe, the G3 and the USR-WIFI232, at the same time, and view a complete transaction between the G3 and the USR-WIFI232 from the Apple IIe, but it would still not communicate with the USR-WIFI232!

I played around with the settings and discovered that the problem is that the (just mine?) Apple IIe Super Serial Card (SSC) does not seem to communicate correctly in the 8 Data, 1 Stop, 0 Parity mode. I had enabled the "No Extended Characters (strip hi bit)" setting in ZTerm which fixed the problem, but only for ZTerm. I think the Apple IIe was sending data with the high-bit enabled, which being echoed by the USR-WIFI232, then the Apple IIe would strip the high-bit making it look OK, even though the characters were junk.

Anyway, 7 Data, 1 Stop, 0 Parity mode works correctly. So, to enable this setting on the Apple IIe, enter <ctrl-A> and then at the APPLE SSC: prompt, enter: 1D . For the USR-WIFI232, enter: AT+UART=9600,7,1,None,NFC, then AT+Z. Once I did that, I was able to send and receive commands between the Apple IIe and the USR-WIFI232! I am losing a little bit of data from the USR-WIFI232 at speeds greater than 300 Baud though.

Using the Terminal mode of the SSC, I could send various AT commands to the USR-WIFI232, but I couldn't really do much with it other than PING or scan for WIFI networks. Then, I discovered the built-in web socket webpage. This allowed me to send data through the webpage to the Apple IIe! When I exited the SSC terminal mode, I could send commands to AppleSoft BASIC, and I even ran a little program.

Kim-IIe Requirement list

Notes for requirements for Kim-IIe card... (AIIe = Apple IIe). I am making updates to this as I think things out...

Requirement	Strategy	Implementation
Soft switch to enable KIM card	Use AIIe /DEVSEL line to enable access to a set of soft switches at AIIe $C0nx. (n =slot+$10)	Either a 74ls74 flip flop (1 switch) 74ls259 addressable latch (8 switch) 74ls75 4-bit latch (4 switch)
Enabling the card replaces AIIe $0000-$1FFF with KIM	Use U7 decoder to bring AIIE /INH line low when soft switch enabled	Maybe a diode on /INH connected to U7 pin 0
Feature	Strategy	Implementation
Make KIM Page 23 (MOS 6532) available to AIIe $Cnxx	AIIe /IOSEL low enables KIM $1nxx, (without enabling /INH). i.e: one of Kim Page 17-23 (in K4-K5) depending on the AIIe slot Eg: card in slot 7 makes $17xx (page 23) available at AIIe $C7xx.	/IOSEL activates U7 (pin 12?) XNOR A12 and U7/Q6 (otherwise, we would decode Kim $07xx) Jumper connecting U7 pin 7 (Q6) to (diode?) KIM DECEN Diode to prevent /INH from pulling low? Decode $Cxxx-$Dxxx using a 74LS145 connected to Y6 on the main address decoder enabled by /IOSEL. Connect outputs 0-3 to K4-K7, 4-7 to K0-K3 to make $11xx accessible at $C1xx
Make KIM K4-K5 available at $C800-$CFFF when appropriate.	AIIe /IOSEL with /IOSTROBE is stored and enables KIM $1000-$17FF, mapped to $C800-$CFFF (without enabling /INH?). CFFF RESETs /IOSTROBE store.	/IOSTROBE with /IOSEL active sets 74ls74 flip-flop. Jumper connecting U7 pin 7 (Q6) to KIM DECEN. output of flip-flop activates 74LS145 added above. Another address decoder or 74LS133 resets flip-flop when CFFF is on the Address bus. UGH, too much stuff...
KIM access to soft switches	Hmmm...	Hmmm...

Apple IIe Kim-1 Simulator?

Feeling moved by some of the KIM-1 RetroChallenge entries, I had a thought last weekend: could I design an Apple IIe expansion card that acted as a KIM-1 simulator? The card could contain the address decoding circuitry, KIM-1 ROMs, I/O, and some RAM. Then, the keys could be from the Apple IIe, or maybe an external keypad. The Apple IIe would supply most of the RAM and the 6502 processor (of course). Utilizing the Apple IIe's INHIBIT (/INH) circuit would allow me to disable the IIe RAM and ROM and supply my own from the KIM-1, with out any address conflicts. The idea is so simple, I am surprised it hasn't been tried before. Researching the idea, I came across some schematics for building a modern KIM-1:

• 6502.org: Build Your Own KIM-1; and
• Ruud's Commedore Site: Build Your Own KIM-1

After spending some time researching the various ICs and circuits, I noticed an error in the 6502.org schematic. There is no decoder chip to select which of the 6532 RIOT chips is active.

Upon further research, I found Zimmers.net FTP site, with an identical schematic but with a 74LS138 IC in position U9 However, upon further research on the 6532 RIOT there is still a problem. The 74LS138 decoder does not appear to create the appropriate signals to select the correct RIOT's onboard RAM, according to the 6532 RIOT datasheet and KIM-1 memory map (see end of full post for details). I searched around, and found a schematic for the Micro-Kim which corrects the problem with several NAND gates.

I wondered, 'Why decode the address lines just to NAND them back together in various ways'? I made chart of all of the addresses and the bit logic to encode them and I am fairly confident that the 6532 RIOTs can be properly addressed by:

• using A6 and a new /A6 as the chip selects
• inverting A7 to make a new /A7 as the RAM select
• using K5 as the other chip select
• using A8 as the high bit of the RAM Address (A6) so that we can address all of the RAM on both RIOTs

As a result, we get 2 RIOTs and 256K of addressable RAM with the same basic memory map of the KIM-1. We need a single 74LS04 IC to invert a few of the address signals (which we already need to invert A4, according to the above schematics), and there is no need for the 74LS138 decoder or the 74LS00 NAND IC used in the Micro-Kim.

I created a spreadsheet to list all of the address values and visualize the signals I need.

Watched Steve Jobs (movie)

I watched Steve Jobs, the movie tonight. It was pretty good. It focused on 3 big product launches, with everyone coming to Steve Jobs to wish him luck, reminisce, etc. It portrayed Steve Job's growth as a visionary / CEO (and human being) through large leaps in time, which made the changes all the more pronounced. The acting was quite good, especially from Kate Winslet (who I didn't even recognize at first). Seth Rogan made a more likable Steve Wozniak than the actor in Jobs. The exploration of Steve Job's relationship with John Sculley was much more interesting than the portrayal in Jobs too.

The acting really carried this movie. Not much focus on Apple technology or period settings. This movie could easily be a live play with its very few scene changes, focus on the actors, and 3 act structure. Anyway, not a movie for tech junkies, but very well acted and directed.

Color Monitor!

I thought I would need to buy a monitor for the Apple IIe, but instead I just re-purposed my daughter's old TV. Finally, games in color, instead of a tiny green-screen! Original Mario Bros, here I come!

Watched Jobs (movie)

For my first RetroChallenge task, I found the movie "Jobs" on Netflix tonight, so rather than be productive, I watched all of it.

Ashton Kutcher was decent. Other than the original Apple, there was not much screen time for Apple technology. The period cars are great - 70's Volvos, Mercedes, Pintos, Camaros, Corvettes, Triumph TR-7.

It was interesting to see the portrayal of Steve Jobs' perfectionism and how unique his personality was in the computer industry. I was surprised at the cold portrayal of relationships between Jobs and Steve Wozniak and Jobs and CEO John Sculley. I think the general tone seemed to portray Jobs as a victim of getting his company stolen from him. Steve Jobs definitely seemed to mellow with age from poor team manager to brilliant CEO.

Not a great movie, but not bad. Worth watching for free on Netflix.

RetroChallenge 2016/01 Attempt

So, RetroChallenge 2015/07 was a total flop for me. All I managed to do was go to the beauty shop to find hydrogen peroxide for Retr0brite. I couldn't find what I needed and pretty much gave up on everything. But, January has always been a better month for me to do this. Just a few, very practical goals:

• Get a color monitor for my Apple IIe
• Watch and review Steve Jobs, and Jobs
• Try again to hook up an RS232 WIFI device to an old Macintosh, or maybe the Apple IIe